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[JS基礎(chǔ)]關(guān)于script標(biāo)簽的defer和async屬性的疑惑

最近回過(guò)頭重看紅寶書(shū),看到script標(biāo)簽的時(shí)候有一個(gè)疑惑:
在html文件中,給script標(biāo)簽加上defer或者async屬性后,如果JS文件異步下載還未結(jié)束的時(shí)候文檔就解析完成了會(huì)怎么樣?是等待JS下載完成、解析并且執(zhí)行完成后再觸發(fā)DOMContantLoaded方法嗎?
希望大家?guī)臀医饣螅x謝:)

回答
編輯回答
女流氓
defer
This Boolean attribute is set to indicate to a browser that the script is meant to be executed after the document has been parsed, but before firing DOMContentLoaded.
Scripts with the defer attribute will execute in the order in which they appear in the document.
此屬性對(duì)內(nèi)聯(lián)的JS腳本無(wú)效。
script的defer值的設(shè)置就是告訴瀏覽器,這個(gè)腳本將在DOM文件解析完成后DOMContentLoaded事件發(fā)生之前執(zhí)行。有defer屬性的script腳本按在HTML文件中出現(xiàn)的順序順序執(zhí)行。

async HTML5
This is a Boolean attribute indicating that the browser should, if possible, execute the script asynchronously.
Dynamically inserted scripts execute asynchronously by default, so to turn on synchronous execution (i.e. scripts execute in the order they were inserted) set async=false.
此屬性對(duì)內(nèi)聯(lián)的JS腳本無(wú)效
設(shè)置async屬性就是告訴瀏覽器如果有可能就異步執(zhí)行指定的JS腳本,動(dòng)態(tài)插入的腳本默認(rèn)是異步加載執(zhí)行的,除非手動(dòng)設(shè)置async=false

defer 延遲執(zhí)行,但會(huì)在DOMContentLoaded事件發(fā)生之前執(zhí)行完畢,defer腳本會(huì)順序同步的執(zhí)行。defer延遲是相對(duì)于整個(gè)文檔的解析來(lái)講,指的腳本的開(kāi)始加載的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

async 異步執(zhí)行,具體什么時(shí)間點(diǎn)執(zhí)行由瀏覽器決定,具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)不確定,但是確定會(huì)去加載執(zhí)行,設(shè)置了async的各個(gè)腳本加載執(zhí)行完畢的時(shí)間和它們放置插入的順序沒(méi)有確定的關(guān)系。和DOMContentLoaded事件發(fā)生也沒(méi)有確定的前后關(guān)系,可能在DOMContentLoaded事件前某個(gè)async腳本執(zhí)行完了,也有可能async腳本一個(gè)都沒(méi)有執(zhí)行。async指的是文檔的加載方式,同步的還是異步的,并不指定什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始加載。一般都會(huì)處理成在DOMContentLoaded事件發(fā)生后,就相當(dāng)于這些腳本是通過(guò)JS腳本動(dòng)態(tài)添加的

normal.js

console.log("normal loaded js");

defer.js

console.log("defer loaded js");

html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, user-scalable=no, minimal-ui">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <script type="text/javascript" defer src="../js/defer.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/normal.js"></script>
    <title>Defer Script</title>
    <script>
        document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) {
            console.log("DOMContentLoaded");
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>

</body>
</html>

輸出

normal loaded js
defer loaded js
DOMContentLoaded
2017年10月14日 21:32